If a baserunner is struck by a fair batted ball while standing on a base, the runner is out, unless the ball has already past an infielder or the infield fly rule is in effect. The base is not a haven. If a runner attempts to escape the danger by going up against the wall in hopes of getting out of the way more quickly, he can be tagged out just as easily as if he had stayed on the baseline.
The only exception to this is if the ball hits a player in the arm or leg (other than the hand) while he is making a legal attempt to avoid being hit by a pitch. In that case, he is not out until after the ball has touched another person.
For example: A batter hits a ball toward the left field line. It is fair and the left fielder makes a diving catch. The baserunner tries to advance to second but is thrown out by the left fielder's tag. The batter wins the game because he got a strike out. This is allowed because the left fielder was not able to get to the ball before it reached the ground.
If so, the runner would not be out.
This is one of several rules that differ depending on which base the runner occupies when the ball is hit. At any base other than first, if the batter hits the ball and it is fair, the runner is out. But what happens if the ball hits the runner? In this case, it is called a foul ball and no action is taken against the batter.
Foul balls are those hit into the stands, onto the field, or into any kind of shelter. They are usually easy catches for spectators, but sometimes they fall behind the stands or into the dugouts where they can get stuck underfoot by runners or coaches. Coaches are required to keep their runners off of the grass until the ball is actually caught, so many foul balls are dead before they reach the basepaths.
When a runner is hit by a pitch he is automatically out, even if the ball bounces away from him. This is called a strikeout for the batter. If the ball hits the ground in any way other than as part of a catch, the runner is out.
The batter-runner is granted first base since the ball is dead. The fact that the runner made contact with the base when hit by the batted ball has no influence on the outcome of the play. (The runner is an exception if he is struck by an infield fly while on base.)
In conclusion, a dead ball is a baseball without a live ball. A dead ball can be new or old, home run or ground rule double. If the ball is dead, the batter cannot force it in any way. He can only defend it as hard as he can. If the ball is not dead, then the batter has the option of batting or throwing at it.
Dead balls are common in professional games because many effective pitches by pitchers are not available to batters as live balls. As a result, more bases are stolen and scores tend to be lower than in amateur games where this isn't the case. However, some professionals will say that they enjoy playing with a dead ball because it makes hitting so difficult that they don't have to use all their skill sets on the field.
In college football, there is one down during each quarter of play. If the quarterback drops back to pass, he will usually wait for another player to advance the ball before he throws. If nobody does, then the quarterback can hand the ball off or throw a punt.
C. A runner may be standing on a base when a defensive player pushes the runner while watching the ball fly. The rule states that a runner must clear any space required by a fielder to make a play on a hit ball, unless the runner is in contact with a lawfully occupied base at the time of the interference. In this case, the runner would not need to retreat from the base to avoid being tagged out.
In other words, if the runner is not in contact with a base when the fielder makes a stop-motion throw, then the runner can continue forward and be safe. However, if the runner does touch a base before being interfered with by the defensive player, then he or she cannot advance further without being called for obstruction.
Here is an example of how this might happen: Let's say there are two runners on base and a batter hits a groundball toward first base. First baseman Josh Hamilton starts to move towards first base but stops when he sees that the runner on second base isn't going to try to advance. At this point, Hamilton has the right under common law to interfere with the runner and force him back into the field of play. Once again, under common law rules, if Hamilton causes the runner to touch any part of the base, he has violated the rule and should be called for an illegal action.